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Friday, March 19, 2021

My Journey into Radiology

 My journey into Radiology

Nihal D Amarasekera


 

O

nce upon a time I was an unhappy and disaffected haematology registrar in a hospital close to London. After having completed the MRCP in 1976 I would have loved to proceed to a job as a medical registrar. But I was eminently aware such posts were reserved for local graduates. Then consultancies in general medicine were an impossible dream. I just couldn’t see myself looking through a microscope for the rest of my life. 

One soggy morning I was turning the pages of the BMJ when I came across an advertisement for a trainee radiologist at King’s College Hospital London. Being young, curious and impulsive, I applied and was called for an interview. I was impressed by the charm and the elegant spread of the Victorian buildings. There were several candidates nervously pacing the corridor outside the waiting room, an ideal scene to fur up one’s coronaries. Inside the suffocating confines of an elegant room, there were half a dozen wizened old men seated round a large table. At the interview I made a dreadful start. They were not impressed I had not visited the hospital before the interview and asked me why not. I said “Kings College being a centre of excellence I assumed it would be good and there was no need to make a visit”. They were shocked and bemused by my answer but accepted it reluctantly. Perhaps they were still unsure about me when they offered me the job. I didn’t realise at the time this was a well sought-after post. The hospital indeed was a centre of excellence with a golden reputation. Its Director, John Laws, was the president of the Royal College of Radiologists. A distinguished-looking figure, he was a quiet, formal and kindly man who commanded respect and received it. From now on I was in posh company. 

After having worked in general medicine for several years, from the outset I thought I knew enough about Xray film interpretation and believed training was merely to brush up and to learn the finer points. I soon realised how wrong I was. In reality I knew nothing and had everything to learn. The return to the very basics wasn’t easy. 

The radiology training was for 5 years. The first year was for radiation physics and radiographic anatomy and all about patient positioning for Xray images. There was a lot to learn about films and developing. The subjects were so far removed from patient care this was like being in the ‘block’ in our medical faculty. The training was done in-house and also at the smart precincts of the Royal College of Radiologists in the centre of town. The coaching and discipline was intensive and tough. The harsh environment in training was no different from what we were used to in medical school. 

Many of us working in the UK did encounter racial discrimination. When things didn’t go our way we often blamed it on prejudice. This was not strictly correct nor fair. Wherever we live be it gender, colour, race or social standing, there will always be some form of unfairness or injustice. To keep my sanity I learnt to navigate my feelings and get on with the job in hand. 

There were around 20 registrars. Among the trainees a strict hierarchy existed that was protected like the crown jewels. My colleagues were a cross section of society but a brilliant bunch. The atmosphere in the department was combative, stressful and intense. Everyone was competitive trying to score points over others. On our reporting whenever an interesting film appeared, we kept this for our lunch time meetings. These meetings were toxic in the extreme. Films were shown with little clinical information for a hapless trainee to struggle to arrive at a diagnosis. There was precious little feeling for the distress it caused. Despite the 40+ years I can still picture the rookie registrars sweating on the podium trying to eek out information from difficult Xray images. 

I came to the UK just 3 years previously. After having been treated with respect in hospitals in Sri Lanka I found this particularly hard to take. Those of us from the Indian subcontinent are hyper-sensitive to adverse comments. We sulked and ached for days, reflecting and grieving over them.  I struggled my way through the first year and passed the first exam. 

In 1967 it was my decision never to do anymore examinations and even sold all my medical text-books. Now I had 4 more years of this ‘hell’ to endure. I was restless and impatient for things to happen. There were times I felt all this was far too much for me. It was now I needed some good advice. My Indian dentist Rajeev Gupta was an intelligent and enlightened person. He was a maxillo-facial surgeon who had worked at the Middlesex Hospital. I went to him for guidance if I should give up radiology and return to clinical medicine. Rajeev was an inspiration. He discussed the pros and cons and advised me not to look back but to proceed ahead.  He bitterly regretted giving up his own hospital career for short term gain. Rajeev predicted a bright future for Radiology. It was a fast-moving speciality with the advent of computerisation. I am indeed so very grateful for his wisdom and scholarly advice. 

When I first started and a chest Xray was put up I often missed even the glaringly obvious abnormalities. Stress does makes fools of us so easily!! Making mistakes and getting things wrong in front of colleagues is not a pleasant feeling. This went on for a whole year. Like learning to drive a car, suddenly something clicked. The ability and confidence arrived from out of the blue. I soon began to see the wood from the trees. Before long I even began to enjoy the challenge of being shown difficult films. Regrettably, I even revelled in giving the other trainees a hard time. 

By now I had learnt about the British culture and humour and understood the subtleties of their language. This avoided the possible misunderstandings. Importantly I learnt to speak out, fight my corner and stand my ground. Quite early on in my training I was told by a Radiology Consultant that if I don’t blow my own trumpet no one else will blow it for me. In a trainee culture saturated with hubris I realised this was not a place for modesty and humility. I had to show off my knowledge and impress my bosses. My sound training at the faculty of medicine in Colombo was an invaluable help all through my apprentice years. 

Despite the tough regime I am forever grateful to Kings College hospital. They had the best structured training programme and the best examination results. There is no gain without pain was their mantra. I do not doubt they had the welfare of the trainees at heart. Above all after the training we emerged as safe and dependable radiologists. Many of my former colleagues reached those dizzy heights in the profession becoming influential names in British Radiology, examiners and office bearers of the Royal College of Radiologists. 

I was then living in north London travelling daily to the south crossing the great River Thames twice a day. This took me more than an hour each way. By then I had a young family and time at home was precious. I began to apply for Senior Registrar posts north of the river and closer to home. I finally found one at University College Hospital with a rotation to Great Ormand Street, Queens Square and the Royal National Orthopaedic hospital. It was indeed a great privilege to work in some of the prestigious hospitals in London. My only claim to fame is that I worked with those legendary icons in British radiology. It was such a privilege to have been tutored by the greats: Glyn Lloyd in ENT radiology, Simon Rees in cardiac radiology, Brian Kendal in neuroradiology and Donald Shaw in paediatric radiology.  I had the opportunity to share clinico-radiology meetings with Sir Roger Bannister and Sir Magdi Yacoub. Here I must apologise for ‘name dropping’ and for being so boastful. Perhaps, my humility was a casualty of the rough and tumble of radiology training. 

The atmosphere at UCH was more sedate and civilised. With an easier journey to work I was able to give more time to my family. Life got infinitely better for me. I became more confident and good at my job. In radiology we were trained to write reports on the images we saw. My interest in writing helped me enormously to construct precise, concise and useful reports. I made many friends at UCH who have remained friends for life. 

At the end of 5 years in radiology I passed the final examination. The FRCR(Lond) was a fearsome examination, a particularly difficult one with a meagre pass rate of 14-15%. Interestingly, most candidates did badly in plain Xrays than in cross-sectional imaging. 

Life had now come a full circle for me. The hardship and the struggles of the past have borne fruit and were at an end. I was appointed a consultant in a hospital 50 miles north of London.  I spent the rest of my professional career in the green and pleasant Hertfordshire countryside. Within 8 years of my arrival in the UK I was given their top job. I am ever so grateful to the National Health Service. Professionally I couldn’t have done better anywhere else in the world. 

Since the discovery of Xrays in 1895 by Wilhelm Roentgen, for fear of radiation, its usage has been confined to Xray departments at the basement of the old Victorian hospitals. During my lifetime radiology has been transformed. It is now a safe and invaluable tool in the early diagnosing and treatment at the forefront of clinical care. The rapid progress and the dependence of modern medicine on cross sectional imaging will always remain a source of pride and fascination for me. 

On reflection moving into radiology was one of the best things I’ve done. Looking back on my career I feel a tremendous sense of fulfilment.  After such a prolonged professional training, retirement came all too soon. Since then the years have flown by. Occasionally my mind goes back to the time when my ambition was to be a DMO. Fate had other plans for me. I then became a drifter in Colombo spending the evenings drinking at the Health Dept. Sports Club at Castle Street. I find it hard to explain how life took a change for the better. I call it the awesome force of destiny. 

(NOTE by Speedy: The image of ND is a self-portrait and I “doctored” the rest!)

77 comments:

  1. Mahen
    Thank you for posting my effort and for the superb image manipulations you've performed to create that wonderful picture of myself in action. There is just one minor problem - Radiologists lose the stethoscope skills as they never use it. All that memory of early diastolics and 3rd heart sounds have gone with the wind. When we were medical students the attendants called the stethoscope that we carried - catapults. Pharmacology too evaporated fast. Even without all that the new skills learnt in radiology lacked space in my ever shrinking brain.

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    1. Nihal, the stethoscope is still an all pervasive symbol of a Doctor in illustrations just as a fat bundle of ill gotten currency notes signifies a Politician! Yes, I was pleased with my image manipulation and wanted to surprise you... as I did!

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  2. Well done ND and Speedy!

    I agree that Radiologists lose their knowledge of clinical medicine (just as Dermatologists and Community Physicians do)as time goes on (as mentioned by me in my article "Medical doctors and self treatment". I really thought ND might retort and start a spat. Fortunately (or unfortunately), he didn't.

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    1. Lucky
      The basics we learnt in medicine will remain with us. Medicine has diverged widely with specialisation and sub-specialities. It is impossible to keep pace with it except in our own patch. All specialities have moved along. It is a now a new world of Medicine than the one we knew as students.
      The patient is now more important than ever and is treated with respect and care. Litigation has been the catalyst for that change. I recall the time when doctors shouted at patients.
      Sadly the unity, camaraderie and the respect that existed between doctors have slowly been eroded. This is mostly due to the competition for cash. Doctors now charge money from other doctors which I consider as a form of cannibalism. This is perhaps because of the milieu in which I was brought up.
      It is not all bad. My GP treats me with utmost respect as a valued patient even though money doesnt change hands. In all my years in private practice I have never charged a doctor or their immediate family even when they have said they had insurance cover. For this I must respect and salute my teachers at medical school who never charged me when I took my parents to them for treatment.

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    2. Nihal, I will write a longer comment further down the line, but I just want to respond to your statement "Doctors now charge money from other doctors." I guess you were referring to the lack of "professional courtesy." In the 1970s my Chief of Pathology in Connecticut explained to me that if a doctor does not charge the usual fee from his/her colleagues in the US, it can be interpreted as a "kickback" especially when the two colleagues normally refer patients to each other!! In Sri Lanka private health insurance is a relatively new concept, and private practitioners were paid directly by their patients. Things are a little more complicated for doctors these days and they don't have complete control over the financial aspects of their practice. It's a corporate world!

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    3. Srianee
      I do agree situations are different in different countries and cultures. Still in the UK doctors can refuse to charge as a friend did recently when I made a consultation. Some work in syndicates which makes it difficult to stop charges. As I have said at this stage of our lives payment is never a problem.

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  3. Dear Nihal ,
    Testing on firefox.
    If it works will write comment.
    Kumar

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  4. I have very good health insurance. So, what I do when I consult (so called Channel Practice)is I use E-channeling and book the appointment online and pay up upfront. I never divulge that I am a doctor. Wearing masks in the present Covid-19 pandemic helps! In any case, a good many young specialists are young and never seen me.

    During my recent illness, I channeled 6 Ophthalmologists for the same eye problem (2nd opinion, 3rd opinion etc). One tried to recruit me for Laser treatment, most of the others for cataract surgery and dry eyes except the last one. He diagnosed allergic blepharitis and spent some time educating me. He also gave me a computer printout Amsler Test)to report back to him in one year. He further said that if left untreated, I might develop age related macular degeneration. This guy was seated next to me at an IMPA meeting just before I consulted him!

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  5. Lucky
    At this stage of our life paying isn't a problem. I always mention that I was a Radiologist working for the NHS so that the consultant will explain to me what's happening at every stage in medical parlance and treat me as a doctor. At the end of the consultation I sometimes tell the consultant my views of the problem. They always discuss it with me and sometimes take it on board ordering further investigations to exclude certain conditions. I do so with respect and with a broad smile. I must say the situation here in the NHS is different to what you experience back home.
    I know you well enough to say boldly that you do what is best suited in your situation and treat professionals with sensitivity and respect.
    I wish you well

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  6. This latest post from Nihal has so many interesting facets and I am going to touch on a few that made me think.

    Firstly, it is a tale of persistence and development of self-confidence aided by a few people he had the good fortune to meet. One key person appears to be the Indian dentist Rajiv Gupta. He gave him sensible advice, referring to his own experience. He seems to have had a beneficial influence in helping Nihal to think positively.
    Secondly, Nihal confirms my belief based on my own experience as well, that the UK system is good at spotting talent and giving them opportunities irrespective of colour or gender. It would be naïve to pretend that some racism does not exist but if you are spotted as able and dedicated, they will give you a chance and if you take it, rewards await you.

    Thirdly, the steady diversification of Medicine into a system of seemingly never ending branching and specialisation. This is of course the natural course in any discipline as knowledge expands. I used to joke with my students that there would soon be ENT specialists for the Right and Left ears! The other element that follows is the crucial importance of Team Work. The sum intelligence and knowledge of many brains must surely be better than just one.

    The next point is one which I always advocate when you come to cross roads. Make a firm decision to proceed in the direction you chose, and stick to it. Stop worrying whether you made the right decision or not. The right decision must always be the one you made because it is the only one that you have some control over and not just left to the “awesome force of destiny” (Sorry Nihal, couldn’t resist a dig at you!). You clearly followed this judging by your statement that “On reflection moving into radiology was one of the best things I’ve done”. I have no doubt at all that had you decided on an alternative course, you would have done equally well…but that can only be speculation although I would put my money on you succeeding in any discipline. Success depends mainly on two things, your own ability and even more, your willingness to work hard, and you possess both my good friend.

    And finally, congratulations on your self-portrait of your face. It was not too difficult to transplant it on the old-fashioned radiologist who appears to have an old fashioned tool called the stethoscope round his neck!

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  7. Thank you Nihal for your excellent odyssey describing your gradual emergence from a dark back room to a more enlightened world! During the last 50 years or so,radiology has gradually progressed from US scans, CT scans, MRI scans, PET scans and finally to interventional radiology.There is no doubt that endoscopy has diminished the need for contrast studies in the GIT. When we were students, carotid angiograms used to be perfprmed to detect SOLs in the brain.
    I wonder whether you all have heard about a radiologist named Merle de Silva? In the 1960s or 70s, he had applied for a job in Australa. A person had come from Austrlia to Jaffna, to interview him and offered him a job in Sydney. Thereafter he assumed duties at the Royal Alexandra Hospital in Camperdown, Sydney. Few years later his boss died in an air accident, while participating in a confernce in Europe and Merle became the Head of his department. I have met him a few times in Sydney.
    Major General Sanjeeva Munasinghe, who was the Head of the Army Medical Corp and presently Secretary Health was trained by Merle. Sanjeeva, who was my former student and interne at Ruhuna,is an excellent radiologist and I used to refer many patients to him.
    Few years ago, my friend Channa Ratnatunga developed a stroke and was air-lifted from Kandy to the Asisri Central Hospital in Colombo. Two interventional radiologists, one of whom was Lakshmi Paranahewa intervened and removed a blood clot from the basilar artery at the base of the brain. When I first visited Channa, he was in a locked -down stage, fully concious, absent speech, totally paralysed,only retaining the ability to blink. He instantly recognised me by blinking rapidly, when he saw me. He made a gradual recovery and was able to resume teaching at Peradeniya. Channa had written about his ordeal in the Sunday Times and some f you may have read it.

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  8. Nihal,
    Such a well written article on the trials and tribulations of the early training years culminating in a rewarding career you look back on with a sense of victory is great reading. Thank you for another literary masterpiece.

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  9. Rohini, Mahen and Sanath
    As the sun peeps out to light up the daffodils it is so lovely to read comments from three of my good friends Mahen, Sanath and Rohini.
    The past seems like a dream and an illusion now.
    Many of us haven't still stopped complaining about our anatomy course in the faculty. They say it was too strenuous too detailed and far too much. Radiologists will disagree with this view en-masse. With MRI and CT we can see every bit of that detailed anatomy we learnt. My colleagues have been surprised by my knowledge of human anatomy for which I'm thankful to Prof Waas, Dr Panditharatne and the rest of the crew.

    I know S,P De Silva, Warusawitharne and Newton Jayaratne who are radiologists of my era and worked in Sri Lanka. Merle De Silva is a familiar name and I wonder if he was 2 years senior to us. There was a Merle who travelled from Wattala. L.S Jayasinghe from our batch trained in Radiology in Aberdeen and is now working in Brisbane. Ajith De Silva who was 2 year our senior and G.B Perera 5 years our senior are radiologists in Australia. Punnyadasa who was 2 years senior was a radiologist at Chelmsford. I remember meeting him in Chelmsford when he invited me home for a lovely rice and curry meal. Our own batch Mahes Nadaraja too was in radiology in the Manchester area. We often met at conferences.
    Interventional radiology has taken off just like keyhole surgery has as forms of minimally invasive treatment. Channa Ratnatunge’s recovery is most remarkable and is a tribute to the radiologist and the whole team.
    Radiologists have stopped being hypnotised by shadows in the basement of hospitals. They are now at the forefront of healthcare.

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  10. Nihal
    Your self portrait is excellent. What talent!
    Speedy, I must say that you doctored the rest well.
    Congratulations of becoming a Consultant Radiologist in a Hospital in U.K.
    I can imagine the struggle you had during the 5 year training. You should be thankful that you had the worlds best training in Radiology.
    I am sure you will be surprised to know what I had to undergo to obtain my F.R.C.S. Ophthalmology Qualification.
    I worked as a H.O.at Eye Hospital for 4 years and I had to go to Badulla Hospital as M.O.as there was no Eye Surgeon there.By that time I was capable of managing an eye unit on my own.
    I was granted No Pay Study leave by the government. I left at the end of February 1976 for U.K. I was allowed only 3 Sterling Pounds and 10 Shillings as exchange on my Passport and no allowance was given by the Government.I had to work, to earn my living and study all by my self.There was absolutely no training at all to do my exams.
    Anyway I managed to do my Primary F.R.C.S., Diploma in Ophthalmology and F.R.C.S. Ophthalmology exams., return to Sri Lanka and serve my country.
    Nihal you are lucky to have had that valuable training in U.K.and become a Consultant Radiologist in U.K., thank your stars! Chira

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    1. Dear Chira
      So lovely to hear from you and thank you for your comment. If the dept of health wants to encourage doctors to return home to serve the people they must support the professionals better. I commend your grit, determination and courage to pursue your postgraduate studies despite the many obstacles and difficulties, no thanks to the department that failed to help.
      But all those are behind you now and you have done so remarkably well to reach the top of your profession. Well done Chira for the wonderful work you have done over so many years helping people see the world around them.
      Enjoy your retirement and the love of your family

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  11. Dear Nihal

    I read your article with much interest. Your approach to racial issues resonated with me. Discrimination did exist and people were treated unequally on the basis of race. However, we should realize that when things do not go our way, racism may not be the sole cause (unless somebody is hanging from a tree).

    Post MRCP, like you, I decided that a career in General Medicine was an impossible dream. In fact in 1975, I paid a visit to the Radiology Department in Denmark Hill.

    The atmosphere among the junior staff was very competitive and hostile at times. Once, about ten of us were seated together having afternoon tea. As each person left, adverse comments were made about that individual. I was therefore scared to vacate my seat and stayed on till the end. I still remember a highly exaggerated remark, “He considered work as something he did between more satisfying activities” . This remark reminded me of a character in medical school who was supposed to be more focused on potting (I mean Billiards) than attending lectures.

    I am pleased that your professional career was rewarding, satisfying and ended happily.

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    1. Hi Bora
      Your description of the culture at Denmark Hill of the time is spot on. Being brand new to radiology the atmosphere and the strict hierarchy was intolerable. Some of the comments were hurtful, racial and unnecessary. With the advice from my dentist I persevered. Fortunately radiology seemed to come naturally to me and I took to it pretty well to impress the Director.
      Every film is a store house of information and we had to be like Sherlock Holmes armed with a magnifying glass trying to eke out facts. I loved this challenge and would say with all modesty I became good at it much faster than many of my fellow registrars. Perhaps this shut them up.
      I dont look back at that time of life with anger but with a great deal of gratitude for their superb training programme which was like no other. It showed me much to my surprise I was pretty good at it and also much better than most. Above all it gave me a great deal of courage to fight my corner and be fearless. This helped me enormously to deal with situations in later years when I was confronted as a consultant.
      As a consultant it was part of my duty to teach registrars and my personal experience taught me to show kindness and treat them with dignity. It is a great pleasure to meet some of them in the hospital I attend in London as a patient.

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    2. Hi Nihal
      Apologies for the incomplete information,I need to clarify a few things.Following my visit to Denmark Hill to have a look round the Radiology Department I opted for Haematology.The scenario I described was at a different teaching hospital,it looks like the prevailing outlook at that time was similar in both places,but things improve when they get used to your face.

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  12. Nihal, As usual, it was fun to read your article about your path to becoming a Consultant Radiologist. I am happy for you that it all turned out well. You persevered and you should be proud of yourself!
    My decision to do pathology was almost a decision by default! I had to juggle two small kids and a husband who had to stay overnight for calls in the hospital, so there was no way that I could handle a speciality that required my staying overnight at the hospital as well. But, I have no regrets, and thoroughly enjoyed being a "Medical Detective" all these years. We worked very closely with the radiologists, when they were doing fine needle aspirations on lesions in thyroid glands, kidneys, lungs, pancreases etc. I was in awe of the interventional radiologists!
    "In 1967 it was my decision never to do anymore examinations and even sold all my medical text-books." I chuckled when I read that sentence! Little did we all know!
    For me, there was the ECFMG, the FLEX, The Anatomic and Clinical Pathology Boards and then the Cytopathology Boards! To top it all, I had to repeat a licensing exam for the State of California (although I never practiced there) during the year when I was doing Locum Tenens work.
    Nihal, here's to a happy and healthy retirement!!🍷

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    1. Dear Srianee
      Thank you for those thoughts. Pathology is so much like radiology when we become detectives looking for information. I too worked closely with the histopathologist. Incidentally for his 60th birthday he brought a bottle of whisky to his office and invited a few of us. After work we chatted and finished the bottle. The birthday boy was totally inebriated and I had to call his wife to fetch him. If stares could kill I would have been a goner.
      I have the greatest admiration and respect for women who work, study and juggle the multiple duties at home. There is so much work at home that needs doing especially when there are kids. I still feel I didn’t help much.
      It is only now I can say those famous last words “No more exams” but looking back over my shoulder I still respect the well known advice “Never say never”.
      Cheers to your good health

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  13. Nihal,you took the correct decision to migratde to a country well advanced in medical technology and better career prospects.You had to be at the correct place at the correct time and luck too has to play a vital role.I still remember the foetid air we inhaled in and around the OPD&the Eye hospital surroundings.There were garbage dumped in the Norris Canal road.Dream of serving as aglorified DMO was your remotest dream.I was patriotic as you used to be during my Medical career and decided not to sit for ECFMG,when my colleagues were studing,some secretly as there was that jeolousy among the fellows.Almost all doctors had immense hardships and obstacles in their field of work,The policy of the DHS was to have a pair of hands to run the hospitals and public health work(MOH).Our Medical administrators had no sympathy towards their own colleagues.I did my fair bit of service for the free education that I enjoyed.Honesty and intergrity had no place in that corrupted society that I still abhor.Nihal,"A man belongs where he settles and not where he grew up;where he is now and not where he was born"I am sorry that I have forgotten the name of this famous author.You are one of the rare personalities who enjoyed keeping in touch with batch-mates via blog and Whatsapp.Wish you good health and happy retirement.

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    1. Hi Sumathy
      It is great to have your point of view and thank you for those good wishes. You have done your part serving as a DMO and being at the receiving end of the departmental treatment.
      I consider UK as my home and am happy I served in Sri Lanka for 7 year before leaving.
      It is my wish successive governments, GMOA and other doctors organisations have pressurised the Department of Health to change treatment doctors with dignity. The doctors must get the public on their side for this fight. Among the doctors there were a few with corroding ideals with connections in high places. They benefitted in securing good jobs and better prospects with scant regard for merit, decency or friendship. We grew up in this milieu with a culture of deceit that reached every aspect of life. These miscreants may prefer to maintain the status quo.
      I would like to ask my friends if the culture of treating doctors badly by the department is still present. I realise the department can't please everyone. The DMO's were particularly left to the mercy of the elements.
      Although I write a great deal about the past I consider the past as another world. I have a selective memory of the past thinking only of the good times and a some less good. I leave the sad events well alone and not encourage any regrets. Even God can’t change the past.
      It was such a great pleasure to meet you and Latha at the London reunion after so many years. I never knew where you were. I will indeed make an attempt to see you both when I visit my son in Moseley.

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    2. Sumathi, one of your most endearing characteristics is your absolute honesty. The subject of staying or leaving Sri Lanka appears to crop up in many a discussion and with it comes generalisations which are not just not true. The decision to stay or leave is deeply personal and multi-factorial. Like in most things in life, there are pros and cons within the context of the life of the person and what is of importance to them. There are some doctors who stayed behind because they were patriotic, that is all that one can conclude. It does not follow that ALL doctors who stayed are patriotic or that ALL doctors who left are not patriotic!

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    3. So very true. Just the way the cookie crumbled for each one of us and less to do with patriotism. I dont lose sleep over it and hope no one else does either. I called it the awesome force of destiny much to the chagrin of my friend Mahen. These little snippets keeps the blog and all of our minds alive.

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    4. Sumathi, Mahen and Nihal, the connection between patriotism (or lack thereof) and the decision to stay or leave, keeps cropping up, doesn't it? As Mahen wrote, one cannot generalize. We all had our particular reasons at the time.
      Sumathi, is the quotation you wrote ("A man belongs where he settles...") from an Islamic text?

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    5. Thanks, Srianne,I am learning Arabic (al Arabia)in addition to French.There are several free lessons in the YouTube.I will try to learn German next.I have completed the Covidvac,now . Wish you good health 💓.

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    6. Hey Sumathi, that's a great tip! i.e. On You Tube free lessons are available! Let's all go for it! And Sumathi, you seem to have the same leanings in language to me. I have said this before, I learned Arabic when I worked in Kuwait for two years. It's a fantastic language. And my quest for French is not over. It's again a rewarding language to learn. And German was the very first language I attempted when I was getting over the stress of Medical finals. You and I have a lot in common, eh? Zita

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  14. Nihal and Srianee, I was interested to read your comments about both Radiology and Pathology being like detective work. I agree but I would like to suggest that this applies to all of Medicine. The difference I suppose is that specialties such as radiology and pathology are able to separate the "detective" element more because you are not directly involved with patient care in the way a clinician is. I have to confess that while I enjoyed patient contact and would do all I can to help them, what I found most interesting and fascinating is the detective element. "Solving the crime" using your clinical acumen supported by diagnostic facilities "gave me a kick" as they say! This is also one reason that drew me to Neurology as it is so systematic and analytical. It was one reason but as I have stated many times before, I chose Neurology as it gave me the quickest pathway to Colombo at a time when I had absolutely no intention of leaving Sri Lanka permanently.

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    1. Mahen
      Many just request MRI/CT of the brain and most of the time you have the answer. I have seen on numerous occasions just 2 line history in the patient notes then asking for a gamut of investigations. How technology and fashions have changed over time. Requests for scans have mushroomed beyond control. Some are inappropriate and costly errors.

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    2. I have in fact sought your advice on my son's "bamboo spine" when a local specialist (radiologist) doctor said it could be ankylosing spondylitis. He is quite ok now and quite normal with no pain.

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  15. Thanks,Nihal.I do appreciate Srianne's dedication to looking after two kids in addition to her work.It is a pity that I have not spoken to Srianne during our days in the Faculty and thereafter'Her ex was a fellow Intern at Ratnapura.He was a jovial chap who shared the room with our late Desmond.Srianee too had unpalatable instances in serving DHS,in SriLanka.Past events haunted many times in the past and now I have forgotten all.My wife sometimes comes out with cirtain memorable instances,during days of DMO,work.I experienced vivid dreams following those discusions and told her not to come out with anymore.
    I would like to quote two more interesting expressions."Vinum a postatare facit enim sapientes(wine makes even wisemen go stray)This refers to you friend who celebrated his 60th birthday.
    "Homo homini monstrum"(man is a monster for man)This refers to some of the hierarchy in the DHS,in SriLanka,during our days. Nihal!hope to see you in Birmingham,when the dust settles.

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  16. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  17. Hi Indra
    Lovely to see you back on the blog. Radiologists work closely with Anaethetists. There was a SL anaesthetist who wanted radiology help for his various injection procedures for which I happily agreed. We chatted a lot of home and friends and cricket while on the job.

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    1. Indra has left me curious about the comment he has deleted!

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    2. I read his comment before it disappeared into thin air. There was nothing controversial or contentious. The formatting had gone haywire and I assumed he was fed up and removed it. I spoke to him this morning and he never mentioned anything about the blog except to say he liked what I had written. Very polite as always.

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  18. Nihal, we could discuss how best to make use of diagnostic facilities and the principles that govern the process. Hardly anybody would disagree with the statement that the desired end point has to be the benefit to the patient. However, in modern medicine, other factors have polluted this ideal. I am sure there are many but a few off-the-cuff ones are:- value in training doctors, best use of available resources which includes cost-benefit analysis, litigation, a view that high probability medicine is no longer best practice but ruling out every possible cause is paramount, corporate pressure to sell their products often bating the medical profession with perverse incentives, investigations which are historically propagated but of little value apart from curiosity value. I am sure our colleagues can think of many more. I always told my students that they shouldn't take the fun out of medicine. It is fun to attempt a clinical diagnosis and try and prove it seeking all available evidence. My old Boss and hero Dr Wickrema Wijenaike taught us some good rules. "Do not order any investigation unless you can justify it to me" and "do not prescribe any medicine unless you can give me the reason and the common side-effects". Wise counsel - it remains even in this ear.

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    1. Mahen
      I take your views. The diagnosis has to be made swiftly and accurately without any adverse effects as much of imaging involve hazardous radiation.
      Working with U.S Jayawickrema at the GHC was such a pleasure. He let us manage but had a gentle word to show us the way.
      Imaging has indeed taken the fun out of medicine although has befitted the patient enormously. I recall with much nostalgia those brilliant ward classes conducted by Darrell Weinman. They were indeed detective stories with intriguing problems solved by astute observations and knowledge.
      I always recall those years as the golden era of medical education and wonder how it is now. The hospital will always remain GHC to me.

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  19. Speedy,I fully agree with you about the unnecessary investigations that are done to prevent unwelcome litigations in UK.I worked with a Physician who advocated the same things that your ex boss,Dr.Wijenaike taught you.Poly pharmacy is the norm in SriLanka, among the money grabbing, Consultants and the GPs.The general practitioners are well trained in UK and they comply with the guilines in prescribing medications.Paraceamol is restricted to 3 days supply.Days of packs of 100 of co-codamol etc are gone.GPs made patients addicts to many analgesics and hypnotics, during the bad old days.

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  20. I think patients need to educate themselves and question their doctors if they feel that too many tests are being ordered. "Doc, why do I have to do this?" I tell my non-physician friends/relatives to write their questions down before they visit their doctors, and encourage them to be assertive! Doctors should explain the situation to their patients. There are good doctors and bad doctors everywhere!

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    1. I am very tempted to related an Out Patient clinic story after reading your post Srianee. An old couple came and sat down in front of me when their turn came. The old gent was full of smiles and told me," thanks for your advice Dr G (that's what they called me!). Last time I saw you I just couldn't remember what I had to tell you and you told me to write them down in a piece of paper before I come and that is exactly what I did". I told him "Good for you Mr Thompson. let me hear them". Whereupon he said "I am sorry Doctor, but I clean forgot to bring it with me"!

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    2. Dear Lucky,
      This is my first comment ,following your instructions.
      Ankylosing Spondylitis was one of my short cases for the LRCP( London)I.I sat for this one year after the MRCP to come to Australia.They were no longer recognising our MBBS.
      The definitive sign is Schober test.I.e.limited flexion of lumbar spine when leaning forward as if touching toes.The examiners were very impressed as I had done well in the previous cases too.They said go away doctor ,you seem to know everything.
      So glad that your son didn’t have this .It’s a nasty condition with cardiac complications too.

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    3. Kumar, maybe you should share Lucky's instructions as it might help others who are experiencing difficulties in commenting

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  21. To all my learned friends
    As I wrote my journey into radiology and then scribbled some replies and comments what struck me was that I have been too boastful and have been full of myself for which I apologise unreservedly.
    There are many who are active members of our blog who indeed have achieved much more than I have who remain humble about their accomplishments. One such person is Mahen who has much to boast about but remain modest and self-effacing at all times. His is a hard act to follow as opportunities arise and temptation abound to peddle our wares.

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    1. You are most kind Nihal. No need to apologize for being proud of your achievements which you’ve shared with us.

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  22. Nihal, I may not be able to count myself as one of your ‘learned’ friends, but being a friend I shall take the liberty of replying your comment by saying it is lovely that you shared your experiences with us and I shall look forward to hearing more- hope you’ll be back in your rocking chair soon .
    Mahen of course is a man of many talents.

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    1. Rohini
      Lovely to have you on the blog. Glad you like my stories sometimes written tongue in cheek. As the sun shines longer and the flowers bloom soon it will be spring. Easter is around the corner. I'm waiting to shed my heavy coat for something lighter and brighter. Take care

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  23. Maybe it's time for a philosophical poem as we get older(and hopefully wiser)

    Attitudes and age

    When you are young
    you are happy when things go right
    When you are old,
    you are happy when things don’t go wrong

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  24. Hi Nihal

    No need to apologise.you should be proud of what you have achieved and thanks for sharing it with us.

    Nihal, you may find this unbelievable case interesting.
    In the early nineteen eighties,a sixty year old man was admitted to the local hospital following an epileptic fit at home.He was on his way out of the back door. stopped to talk to his daughter , had a seizure & fell backwards on to the garden. The daughter noticed that he had fallen on an old chair that was in the garden which was now dismembered.
    Apart from a small lacerated wound on the side of the chest he had no other
    injuries. He was taken to A&E , the wound required 2 sutures. He was stable ,chest x-rays did not show any rib fractures . Although he was stable, it was decided to admit him over night , for observation & to be reviewed by a neurologist before discharge, as his epilepsy had been well controlled for years. On the ward , that night he deteriorated , was found to have a haemothorax &
    was found to be hypoxic.A chest drain placed . About 700 mls of blood was drained . x-rays & CT's repeated were unremarkable. He was seen by the surgeons who decided that further surgical intervention was not warranted. He was transferred to ITU for ventilation. The following day he was clearly septic.
    Repeat imaging was unremarkable apart from diffuse pulmonary shadowing consistent with acute lung injury (associated with lung contusions). The patient
    was now developing renal failure & was needing continuous renal support (haemofiltration ),which was not available locally .
    It was now decided, to transfer the patient to the regional teaching hospital. On admission to ITU , when the dressings were changed ,the nurses noticed a purulent discharge from the sutured chest wound.The cardiothoracic team decided to take him to theatre for exploration .
    To everyones' amazement a wooden rod was removed from the chest.This was part of the chair which connected the front leg to the back leg.This wooden rod had pierced the chest wall and gone through the inside of the upper chest avoiding significant damage to the lung,heart,aorta,trachea etc.At that time MRI's were not available at the local hospital. On review of the plain chest films a small opacity was noticed in some of them .In retrospect , this was a metal nail.Wood is not shown up on Xray.

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    1. Bora, what an amazing story! I hope the patient survived and the owner of the chair got over its loss.

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    2. Hi Bora
      What a fascinating story and how very well described. But similar stories I’m sure are not uncommon. I’m pretty certain the Xray was not reported by a radiologist. Wood is shown as a density very different from soft tissue. Soft tissues too are “visible” as densities different from air or water. A piece of wood large enough to pierce the chest wall should be visible to the trained eye. Even a density that is 2-3mm is seen as a foreign body. Yet again I’m sorry for trying to be too smart but it is true. These mistakes do happen which makes it imperative that all imaging is reported by radiologists. The 5 years of training I have described is invaluable and is worth its weight in gold.

      When I was a registrar in a London hospital I had gone in to hospital for an emergency due to an RTA. After finishing my work I was about to return home when a surgical registrar brought a chest Xray. He just put it up but and gave no history. I said there was a small pneumothorax in the right apex covered by overlapping ribs. The registrar then gave the history: A honeymoon couple was spending the night in a not very posh hotel in London. While the couple was busy a coiled spring from the mattress came loose and punctured the ladies chest. She was brought in with excruciating chest pain. It's all well that ends well.

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    3. Hi Bora
      At one of those toxic lunch time meetings I described I was shown an abdominal Xray. It had what looked like a light bulb. I said it was a bulb in the rectum as it had a rim of air around the bulb. It transpired the patient had weird desires and fascinations. As I was about to return to my seat the guy who put up the film said dont go away you haven't finished. I quickly looked under the diaphragm for free gas and couldnt find anything else abnormal and said so. The guy asked me "is the bulb on or off". I was too polite and didnt show him the 2 fingers.

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    4. Bora, the story you described is amazing! I also endorse your comment that Nihal need not apologize for writing about his achievements. I enjoyed reading about them, and I certainly did not think that he was "bragging!" We are proud of you Nihal!

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    5. Srianee
      Thank you. Glad you liked my journey into the shadowy world of radiation. My bosses in radiology were called "Roentgen führers" in jest of course. Just like in your slides the answer is there in the films. All that training is to make sure we can see the wood from the trees and finally the diagnosis.

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    6. Hi
      The wood may not show up on the film.Trying to be funny.

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  25. Hi Nihal and my other batchmates! I seem to be the forty ninth commenter but it is 'better late than never'.
    I have always said that I find Nihal’s articles and presentations on the Blog so interesting and informative that I truly look forward to reading them. And I was not disappointed in Nihal’s ‘Journey into Radiology’. We can all identify with Nihal’s initial hesitation and doubts in starting this memorable journey from a novice to a reach the ‘dizzy heights of Professional Radiology’. It’s inspiring to read and it’s even more enjoyable because of Nihal’s particular style of writing which holds the reader’s attention and grips his/her interest. I truly enjoyed taking a peep at your journey and I am sure we, your medical student colleagues can identify ourselves in your story and relive our own journey through from ‘nothingness to the final step of achievement’ in our own fields. Thankyou Nihal, for this ‘enjoyable trip’! Zita

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  26. Zita
    Thank you for the encouragement to do what I love to do - to write.
    I'm sure your journey into Ophthalmology is equally interesting. So do take time to pen your thoughts. We did miss your comments as you are engrossed in writing about your life for the family. A very good idea which I managed to complete not long ago. As mine was I presume those memories are very special, family orientated and personal. Good luck with your project. God Bless

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    1. Nihal, you have said something which I have been thinking of pressurising our batchmates to do i.e. write up a short account of their own journey into the final step of their chosen fields and this is something, I know, Mahendra has been asking us to do. Now that you've given us this amazing account of your own journey, it is time for the others who have not yet done so, to come out into the open and tell us all, the good the bad the ugly the titillating details and oh, you know what I mean. Just go for it! I for one will be looking out for these in the future. Oh of course, me, well -----( I am scratching my head now, metaphorically as I am typing.Ok we'll see!) Zita

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  27. Hi Nihal
    The Xray films were reported by a fully qualified consultant,in fact the head of the dept.They were also reviewed independently.

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  28. Hi Bora
    Thank you for that interesting story you brought to life by your description. When it's from you I always wonder if it is a 'banter', confabulation, fabrication or a mixture of all of them. Bora's banter is long overdue and we eagerly await the next. The Katharagama story is long awaited. Hospitals, amidst the suffering are a storehouse of humour which keeps us amused maintaining our sanity.

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    1. Hi Nihal
      The stories are based on true incidents hence the pool is running dry.I have posted the most funny ones and the left overs are not as good. Sanath has a much better memory than me,perhaps he could relate the eventful Kataragama story ,the follow up was even better.We have to be aware that Kataragama is a sacred place.

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  29. To my learned friends in Sri Lanka
    Ayurvedha has had a renaissance. Many medical schools and Ayurvedic
    hospitals have cropped up. I wonder of they are licensed to prescribe western drugs which raises the question are they taught pharmacology in addition to their own. Are there pathology labs and radiology services?
    As a kid growing up in the wilds of Kegalle I have received Ayurvedic treatment with good results. As our own ancient form of treatment I do have an affection for the profession and the many who have kept that knowledge alive for so long. There must be mutual benefits to allopathic and Ayurvedic medicine and wonder if there are joint meetings.

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  30. Nihal,my uncle,where I grew up was a trained Auyrvedic Physician.His Speciality was Paediatrics and I still remembber the herbs and the Liver of goats used in his decoctions to feed the children with so called "Maandama",the disese predominently due to Vitamin A deficiency.His charges were very minimal and never demanded.The results were phenomenal.No wonder goat's liver has a very high content of Vit A.Parents brought so many gifts in place of money.No wonder he was a poor village "Vedarala".Most of the current Ayurvedic doctors use western medicine as well.Poor patients have no idea because the drugs never bear the labels.Some do griend the lablets and form in to powders.Capsules are opened and the contents removed and perhaps mix with honey to remove the bitter taste.People think they are genuine Ayurvedic medicines.Corruption to glory every where,fruits and vegetables are sprayed and and injected with toxic materials,to kills the pest and induce premature maturity.No wonder,people suffer with kidney and liver failure,a puzzle to every one.When,i developed a nasty diarrhoea following consumption of unboiled milk from the milk borad.I consulted an Ayurvedic Physician employed by the City of Colombo.I came to know her from her brother.She treated me with an "Arista",which tasted sweet and the nasty diarrhoea settled for good.If you remember Milk from milk board,adulterated with buffalo milk.It was delivered to your door in chilled condition and drank it empty stomach,in the morning and that was my breakfast.The boarding house did not provide any meals.That was the time I was studing for Medical Entrance.I am sure the diarrhoea might have been due to lactose intolerence rather than bacterial infection.The stools were bulky and foul smelling.

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  31. I remember the time I had nasal polyps and some oils were dropped into my nose with amazing results. The bits of oil that tricked down to my throat wasn't pleasant but it did the trick.
    I wonder if there are cordial relations between the Ayurvedic establishment and the Allopaths. I am aware homeopaths and allopaths don't get on.
    Are there proper controls to prevent misuse of steroids and antibiotics by the untrained and unregistered? The health of the people are at stake.
    I see this same scenario with traditional Chinese medicine in Hong Kong and perhaps to a larger extent in China. Less is spoken about these issues and wonder if the problem is swept under the carpet. Once again human greed raises its ugly head.

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  32. In mainland China,traditional Chinese hospitals were situated side by side with the Western type of hospitals,when I travelled with a group of doctors in 1976(that was during Srilankan days).When I had a mild chest symptoms,I opted for traditional medicine which did not holt the progress of the condition and I ended up having Western Medicine.The Chinese doctor was able to converse in English.Blood results indicated a chronic infection and I had a course of Kanamycin IM,whch failed to cure the condition.As a result my tour was hampered for a few days and had to stay in the hotel.As soon as I returned to Sri-Lanka,I went to the OPD and met a doctor,immediately junior,whom I knew well.He prescribed Ampicillin,that had to be authorised by the MOIC/OPD.My condition improved and I returned for work.I had a CXR while in China which showed evidence of pleurisy and not Pneumonia.The weather was too cold in north China and I did not have warm clothing to safe gard my self from getting exposed to nail bitting cold weather.

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    1. What an experience Sumathi. China is a place I always wanted to visit but never got down to it. At our age, it is best to think twice (or even more!) before we go there. Do you agree?

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    2. Speedy,I am sure China has advanced so much that they will have all modern diagnostic facilities.Your travel insurance may cost a hefty sum.I was lucky today see most of the important sites including the great wall, that I walked for a long distance.

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  33. Sumathy
    Thank you. Interesting insight to situation in China.

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    1. Sumathi, the thought of becoming sick while in a foreign country is a very scary one. The cultural and language barriers can increase one's anxiety and make the situation much worse. I am very glad that you survived!

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    2. Sumathi, your experience in China which you recount in such a 'matter of fact' manner, is fascinating and also frightening. You were young and strong then and you were able to come back to SL and have effective treatment from one of your juniors! What a tale! Please give us more like this! It really keeps us reading, thinking, laughing and also admiring what you have gone through. I hope we hear about more such experiences from our other batchmates. Let us all follow Sumathi's example and come out with those little tid bits which are so interesting after the passage of over 50 years! Zita

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    3. Zita, thanks very much for your comments about my contributions to the blog with various situations that ,I have faced in the days, bygone.

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  34. It was second batch of Srilankan doctors who toured Xguna. We were assigned two guides, one was a doctor who communicated with us in English. I was taken to hospital in official cars, as public were not allowed to buy car. Public transport was good and many cycled to place of work.Chinese government was very friendly with SRILANKA helped them to join United Nations. They had no seat at United Nations Council. Thaiwan waw in the UN.It was perhaps a stroke of luck that I survived without catching Pneumonia.Thank you, Srianne for your kind words.

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  35. Few days ago I visited the Link Products factory in Dompe, together with some IMPA doctors. They produce many products such as Samahan, Thriphala, Five Herbs herbal tea, Sudantha toothpaste, Dekatone Herbal Tonic, body lotions, perfumes etc. I have been using some of these products for many years.
    When I was the President of the SLMA, few years ago, I founded a Herbal Medicines committee and did a lot of work. Unfortunately it folded up after my term of office.

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  36. Sanath
    Well done my friend on your efforts to bring the 2 forms of medicine together. The benefits can be enormous if done with heart and head.

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  37. There is some interest in the US in incorporating non- traditional therapies into their treatment plans . Several large medical centers have departments of “Integrative Medicine’ which incorporate a mishmash of different traditions; yoga, meditation, homeopathy, massage therapy, music therapy and some Ayurvedic practices . The Johns Hopkins website has a write up about Ayurvedic medicine. In Sanskrit Ayur means life and Vedic means science or knowledge, according to the JH website!

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  38. There was a time when some of the New York hospitals tried using trained dogs to visit patients . It was considered beneficial. Did not last too long though, but it was a sight on the floors with these friendly dogs and their guides.
    IA

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  39. At Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, it was a common sight to see Golden Labradors being brought to the wards on a leash for the children to stroke and pet them. It was supposed to be beneficial psychologically, most probably it was mutual!

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